Doshas, calmly explained

Manglik Dosha: Mangal placed in certain houses (1, 4, 7, 8 or 12 by most traditions). It is very common and many classical texts list exceptions that cancel it. It is considered alongside both charts in matching — not as a verdict on its own.

Kaal Sarp: all seven visible Grahas between Rahu and Ketu. It is not mentioned in the oldest classical texts and is interpreted very differently by astrologers.

Sade Sati: the roughly 7½ years when Shani moves through the signs around your Moon. It tends to bring responsibility and maturity, and many people do well in it.

If anyone uses a dosha to frighten you into an expensive remedy, step back. Free remedies — mantra, discipline, charity — are what the tradition itself emphasises.